Author Howard Zinn, author of the seminal book, "A People's History of the United States died today of a heart attack at the age of 87. This book is often a required text in college American history classes.
Howard Zinn's book is one of the few that opened up my eyes about learning about my Filipino American heritage back in college. Besides "Filipinos: Forgotten Asian Americans - A Pictorial Essay" by Filipino American National Historical Society (FANHS) National co-founder and Pinoy archivist extraordinaire, Manong Fred Cordova (see book cover below), these are two books that I hold in high regard and which have a hallowed place on my library bookshelves.
"People's History" even gets a mention in one of my favorite movies, "Good Will Hunting"! Matt Damon throws it down when he's verbally sparring with some intellectual douchebag in a bar. For myself, as a young college co-ed, I took a load of classes in African American History at SDSU and ended up minoring in it as well. During the Summer of 1988, my good friend N came home from USC raving about the Zinn book as well as the Cordova book. We bought our copies of Zinn at our respective campus bookstores and "shared" the Cordova book ("borrowed", cough cough, from the USC library)until we were able to buy the books through the AACP (Asian American Curriculum Project).
I eventually got my own copy of Cordova's book which was years later when I met him in person at a Filipino American Educators of California conference back in 1994 when he was the keynote speaker. It was like meeting my hero. When FANHS formed the San Diego Chapter in 1995, I was one of the founding members and began a friendship with Manong Fred and his wife Dorothy, both of Seattle, Washington and pioneers in the Filipino American movement and figures in Filipino American History.
Looking back, it was a formative chapter for my cultural identity as a Filipina American. Growing up, I didn't know about this and neither did my parents. Lucky for us in San Diego, there are a few professors that taught (and still teach) Filipino American Studies at SDSU and Southwestern College (respectively, the late Dr. Riz Oades and the still living Prof. Felix Tuyay). Learning about the past was quite addicting for me. N and I both pored over the two texts, especially Zinn's book which devotes a chapter or two about Anti Imperialist movement and the injustices of the Philippine American War, both shameful chapters in American history that are often excised, marginalized or trivialized as mere footnotes in America's quest for domination at the turn of the century.
Zinn's book was a slap in the face to standard American history texts and a refreshing breath of air to those who wanted to hear the ignored perspective of the oppressed. History is written through the eyes of the winners but there is always two sides of the story. My love of these books also lead me into a few other favorite books that I really love such as Stanley Karnow's "In Our Image - America's Empire in the Philippines" (it won the 1990 Pulitzer Prize in History) and Daniel B. Schirmer's "The Philippines Reader - A History of Colonialism, Neocolonialism, Dictatorship, and Resistance".
Reading these chapters in Zinn's book made me think about how and why Filipinos were even tied to the United States. After over three centuries of Spanish rule, the Filipino people fought against Spain during the Philippine Revolution. Through the Treaty of Paris which ended the Spanish American War, the U.S. bought the Philippine Island along with Spain's other island possessions. This $20 million sale was the spoils of war from the Philippines' former colonizer. Almost immediately, the Filipinos rebelled against their new colonizer, the United States and launched into the Philippine American War. From one white master to another.
Zinn's book discusses these events that are nary given a mention in mainstream texts. You think high school kids learn about this? They only hear or see a tiny paragraph about the Philippine Insurrection, the term the U.S. gives to the Philippine American War which isn't officially recognized as a war (although it was a full fledged bloody war and a precursor to the Vietnam War). The tangled history of American colonialism in the Philippines and how it permeated into the Philippine cultural landscape at the expense of the Filipino national identity was also an eye opener (ex: the enforcement of English as the language of instruction and the whitewashing of Philippine national history).
These events directly affected the subsequent waves of Filipino immigration into the United States because of this "special" relationship the Philippines as a result of American colonialism (ex: Benevolent Assimilation, Pensionado Act of 1903, the recruitment of Filipinos to work in the fields in the west coast, the fisheries in Alaska and the sugarcane and pineapple plantations in Hawaii, the amendment of the selective service act so Filipinos could serve in the US Military in 1941, the Fiancees and War Brides Act of 1945, The Military Bases Agreement of 1947 , as well as blatant discrimination and anti miscegenation laws targeted against Asians and Filipinos and so on).
Thank you Howard Zinn for changing my world view and for helping me learn more about my history as a Filipina American. Learning about past struggles helped define my identity as Pinay and made me
stronger person in knowing my heritage.
Know Your History
Know Yourself
No History
No Self




